上海人口变化与资源环境效应分析Analysis of Population Evolvement and Its Effects on Resource andEnvironment in Shanghai
吴健,胡冬雯,王敏,黄宇驰,吴建强,唐浩
摘要(Abstract)：
作为特大型城市,上海2008年常住人口总量已达1 888万,城市化水平也以87%高居全国首位。通过分析上海1978-2008年30年来人口变化特征及其资源环境效应表明,伴随着人口规模不断扩大和城市化水平快速提升,2008年上海居民生活电耗和水耗分别是1978年的17倍和5倍,占资源消费总量的比例也逐年快速攀升;生活废水排放量已取代工业废水成为最大贡献源,占废水排放总量的比例高达80%;生活废气排放总量相对稳定。针对上海实现可持续发展所面临的人口难题,从依据人口发展规律调整城市发展战略,通过产业结构调整带动经济增长方式转变,切实加大环保投入力度促进治污防污,进一步提高公众环保意识和企业环保责任等几个方面提出了破解这一难题的对策与建议。
关键词(KeyWords)： 上海;人口;资源;环境
基金项目(Foundation): 上海市环境保护计划项目(编号:沪环科07-03,编号:沪环科09-02)资助
作者(Author): 吴健,胡冬雯,王敏,黄宇驰,吴建强,唐浩
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