中国—欧盟碳泄漏问题实证研究Empirical Study of Carbon Leakage from EU to China
赵玉焕,范静文,易瑾超
摘要(Abstract)：
气候变化问题已被公认为是全球范围内可持续发展面临的最大威胁,碳泄漏问题是目前气候变化领域的一个热点问题。欧盟等以存在碳泄漏为由欲对非减排国家征收碳关税。在此背景下,本文对碳泄漏问题进行理论分析和实证研究。理论分析认为,碳泄漏有三个主要渠道:化石能源的国际贸易、碳密集型产品的国际贸易和能源密集型产业的国际转移,其中,碳密集型产品的国际贸易一直是争论的核心。在此基础上,本文从碳密集型产品的国际贸易角度对中国与欧盟之间碳泄漏问题进行了实证研究。本文选取钢铁、有色金属、水泥、化肥、玻璃和玻璃制品、纸张和纸制品六个碳密集型产业为研究对象,以中国与欧盟碳密集型产品的进出口比率作为指标,考察欧盟实施温室气体减排措施(1992年)以来该指标的变化趋势,以确定中国与欧盟之间是否发生了碳泄漏以及程度如何。研究结果表明,中国与欧盟之间可能并未发生碳泄漏,或者即使发生了碳泄漏,其程度也很微弱,不足以成为欧盟征收碳关税的理由。
关键词(KeyWords)： 中国;欧盟;碳泄漏
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目“碳税的产业国际竞争力效应:OECD国家的计量分析及我国相关政策选择的路径研究”(编号:70973009)
作者(Author): 赵玉焕,范静文,易瑾超
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