环境污染与畜牧业空间布局研究Research on Environmental Pollution and Spatial Layout of Livestock Sector
侯麟科,仇焕广,崔永伟,王晓工
摘要(Abstract)：
畜禽养殖业迅速发展,造成环境污染问题日益突出。随着居民收入和城市人口的扩张,养殖业有进一步向东部经济发达地区和人口密集区域集中的趋势,加剧了畜禽污染所带来的危害。该文建立了两个企业的两阶段动态博弈模型,分析环境污染税费征收对畜禽养殖业空间布局的影响。运用反向回溯法,得到模型的均衡解。分析结果表明,如果固定成本较低,发达地区的畜禽企业会在不发达地区设立分厂,以获得当地的产品销售市场,畜禽养殖业会根据环境污染税费引致的成本重新布局生产。因此,国家可以有效利用环境污染税费调节畜禽养殖业布局。最优环境污染税费与畜牧产品需求、畜牧产品变动成本和排污量高度相关,政府部门可以根据规划目标在不同区域设定不同的环境污染税率;国家还可以对较大规模畜牧业生产企业提供适当补贴,降低企业的迁移成本,以有效避免畜禽养殖企业向经济发达地区和人口密集区域集中,优化畜禽养殖业的空间布局。
关键词(KeyWords)： 畜禽养殖业;环境污染;动态博弈;空间布局
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40921140410;71073154);; 亚洲开发银行技术援助项目(编号:TA-7306(PRC));; 2010年度农业部规划设计研究院自选科研课题
作者(Author): 侯麟科,仇焕广,崔永伟,王晓工
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