任俊霖,李浩,伍新木,李雪松

• 1:长江科学院国际河流所
• 2:武汉大学经济与管理学院

摘要(Abstract)：

提高水资源使用效率是落实最严格水资源管理制度和水生态文明建设的重要内容。长江经济带是我国重要经济和生态走廊,也是我国正大力打造的经济新支撑带,分析各省会城市用水效率对缓解人水矛盾,促进水生态文明城市建设,推动长江经济带发展具有重大意义。基于2011-2013年长江经济带11个省会城市面板数据,利用超效率DEA模型和Malmquist指数测度各城市用水效率,并用Tobit模型检验其影响因素。①超效率DEA分析结果显示,长江经济带11个省会城市的水资源利用效率总体情况较好。分城市看,武汉、昆明、杭州、贵阳和成都水资源利用效率相对较高,上海和重庆水资源利用效率相对较低。2012年最严格水资源管理制度的实行,证明水资源利用效率受政策因素驱动迹象明显。②Malmquist指数分析结果显示,长江经济带11个省会城市整体水资源利用效率呈衰退趋势;而较低的技术效率变化和纯技术效率是制约长江经济带整体水资源利用效率的关键因素。省会城市中,杭州、合肥、长沙和贵阳TFP值排名靠前,长沙、上海、南昌和杭州技术进步最快;武汉用水效率衰退趋势最为明显和严重,合肥、长沙、杭州的用水效率提升较快。③Tobit回归结果表明,人均GDP、人均水资源量和第三产业比重对水资源利用效率影响较大且呈正相关关系。因此,从以上研究结果可以得出提升水资源利用效率的关键是在切实落实最严格水资源管理制度基础上,积极改进生产技术,普及节水工艺,大力发展第三产业,优化产业结构,最终形成制度、技术和结构的综合节水模式。

关键词(KeyWords)： 长江经济带;用水效率;超效率DEA;Malmquist指数

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家社会科学基金项目“农村水环境问题的经济机理分析与管理创新制度研究”(编号:10BJY064)

作者(Author): 任俊霖,李浩,伍新木,李雪松

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